THE NOTION OF CAUSATION AND THE TORT OF NEGLIGENCE (COMMON LAW) / EXTRA-CONTRACTUAL PERSONAL LIABILITY (CIVIL LAW) IN CANADA: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDY

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to present the principles that govern causation in both legal traditions in Canada. In this regard, we seek to identify the similarities and differences specific to this notion. Given the complexity of the subject matter and the comparative aspect of the study, the analysis presents several challenges. In both legal traditions, causation is proven by the claimant on a balance of probabilities and not with scientific precision. Usually, causation is not subject to lengthy judicial commentary as it is easily established by the facts. The present study aimed to identify these similarities and differences. Despite the divergence and convergence of applicable rules, causation remains an area where judicial discretion is very present and constitutes a source of legal uncertainty as to the applicable rule.

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